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a 形容词、不定式短语作定语
b 介词短语作定语
c 分词短语作定语
在翻译中,短语作定语常常翻译到中心词前,接下来具体举例说明其考查方式及翻译方法。
【形容词短语作定语】
1999 74)There is no agreement whether methodology refers to the
concepts peculiar to historical work in general or to the research techniques
appropriate to the various branches of historical inquiry.
翻译:所谓方法论是指一般历史研究中特有的概念,还是指历史探究中各个领域适用的研究方法,人们对此意见不一。
【介词短语作定语】
2000 71)Under modern conditions,this requires varing measures of
centralized control and hence the help of specialized scientists such as
economists and operational research experts.
翻译:在现代条件下,这需要中央控制的不同措施从而还需要诸如经济学家和运筹学家等专家的协助。
【分词短语作定语】
1.Ved过去分词短语作定语
2003 63)The emphasis on data gathered first-hand, combined with a
cross-cultural perspective brought to the analysis of cultures past and
present, makes this study a unique and distinctly important social science.
翻译:强调搜集第一手资料,加上在分析过去和现在的文化形态时采用的跨文化视角,使这一研究成为一门独特并且非常重要的社会科学。
2003 64)Tylor defined culture as “………..that complex
whole which includes belief ,art,morals,law,custom,and any other capabilities
and habits acquired by man as a member of society.”
翻译:泰勒把文化定义为一个复合体,它包括由人作为社会成员所获得的信仰,艺术,道德,法律,习俗以及其它能力和习惯。
2.ing现在分词作定语
2000 75)Additional social stresses may also occur because of the
population explosion or problems arising from mass migration movements
---------themselves made relatively easy nowadays by modern means of transport.
ing现在分词作定语
1) 在哪里划线断句?
2) 这句话中ing现在分词作定语在哪?放在哪个中心词前面翻译?
翻译:额外的社会压力也可能会产生由于人口爆炸和由大量人口流动所引起的各种问题。如今,现代交通工具使得大量人口流动变得相对容易。
1998 73)Astrophysicists working with ground-based detectors at the
South Pole and balloon-borne instruments are closing in on such structures ,and
may report their findings soon.
翻译:用在南极的路基探测器和气球携载仪器来工作的天体物理学家,正在越来越近的观察这样一些结构,不久就会报告他们的发现成果。